Germany’s coalition parties have agreed on a new immigration law which will aim to attract more skilled workers from outside of the European Union. The policy is intended to fill the labour shortages that are the product of high rates of employment, an aging population and low birth rates.
German employers struggle to fill more than 1 million vacant jobs, threatens to stifle economic growth as well as destabilise the public pensions system as the working population decreases while the number of retirees increase. The new laws were agreed by Chancellor Angela Merkel of Christian Democrats (CDU), the Interior Minister Horst Seehofer of the Christian Social Union (CSU), and the Social Democrat (SPD) Labour Minister Hubertus Heil.
The law will allow companies to recruit foreign workers in all professions, regardless of official sector- shortages, and will also mean that it is no longer a requirement that companies can demonstrate that they have prioritised German citizens to fill vacancies before they can look for non- EU workers.
The paper provides ‘skilled workers’ who have graduated or achieved vocational training, the possibility of being in Germany for 6 months prior to securing a contract, although they will still need to prove that they have the financial resources to remain self- sufficient during this time, and will need to meet certain qualification and language requirements. As such the laws will follow a Canadian style model that will see immigrants hierarchised according to levels of education, age, language skills, job offers, and financial security.
The new law has been deemed as ‘politically risky’ – potentially “angering those voters who already feel neglected following the arrival of more than a million refugees since 2015”. However, Seehofer has remained adamant that the compromise deal would maintain economic growth in Germany while avoiding creating new incentives for refugees to come to the country; “We maintain the principle of separation of asylum and labour migration” he told reporters. The government will also retain the right to close off immigration for certain job categories.
The contentious issue of residency status for refugees whose asylum applications have been rejected but who are considered to be well integrated in German society, has yet to be confirmed. While the law will offer some rejected asylum seekers the opportunity to gain a better residency permit by securing a permanent job, the specific criteria for these permits is still in question. SPD’s Heil told German news agency DPA that Seehofer had agreed, however, that the government should more closely take care “not to deport any of the wrong people.”
For further information:
- Deutsche Welle, Germany’s new immigration laws open door for skilled labour, October 2018
- Deutsche Welle, Germany debates fate of integrated migrants denied asylum, August 2018
- Reuters, Merkel takes a gamble with new immigration law, September 2018
Photo: (CC) Andreas Wecker, December 2008
This article appeared in the ECRE Weekly Bulletin . You can subscribe to the Weekly Bulletin here.